The Seven
Wonders of the World has historically been a listing of seven sites known to
the Ancient Greeks as the most notable locales in their known world.
Since
then, many have developed lists of the "modern" Seven Wonders of the
World. The only list that really stands out and has stood the test of time for
more than a decade is the Seven Wonders of the Modern World, developed by the
American Society of Civil Engineers.
THE
ORIGINAL SEVEN WONDERS OF THE WORLD
The Colossus of Rhodes: A
statue of the Greek sun god Helios. Built in the city of Rhodes in 280 BC, the
nearly 100-foot-high statue was destroyed in an earthquake in 226 B.C.
The Great Pyramid of Giza: With
construction that ended around 2560 B.C., the pyramid is the oldest of the
original seven wonders. The massive structure still stands in Egypt.
The Hanging Gardens of Babylon: With little historical documentation, not much is known
of the Hanging Gardens of Babylon. They may be mythical, they may have been
built by king Nebuchadnezzar II around 600 B.C., or they may have been located
in the Assyrian city of Nineveh by king Sennacherib around 700 B.C.
The Lighthouse of Alexandria: Built around 280 B.C., the Lighthouse of Alexandria
stood around 400 feet tall and was the tallest building in the world for
centuries. It was damaged by several earthquakes, and in 1480, its ruins were
used to construct the Citadel of Qaitbay, a fortress that still stands on
Pharos Island.
The Mausoleum at
Halicarnassus: Located in today's Bodrum, Turkey, the
Mausoleum at Halicarnassus was built as the tomb of Mausolus around 350 B.C.
The structure was destroyed by a series of earthquakes between the 12th and
15th centuries.
The Statue of
Zeus at Olympia: Built sometime around 435 B.C. by the Greek
sculptor Phidias, the statue stood over 40 feet tall and represented Zeus on a
cedar throne. The work was ornamented with gold and ivory. The statue was lost
or destroyed sometime in the 5th century, although the exact nature of the
work's loss remain unknown.
The Temple of
Artemis at Ephesus: Located in eastern
Turkey, the Temple of Artemis's age is unknown, for it was rebuilt several
times. The third temple, and the one referenced by the Greeks as a wonder of
the world, was constructed beginning in 323 B.C. The structure was destroyed by
the Goths in 268 A.D.
THE SEVEN WONDERS OF THE MODERN WORLD:
1. Channel Tunnel: The
50 kilometer tunnel running under the English Channel to connect England to
France.
2. CN Tower: The
533 meter-high needle-like tower in downtown Toronto, Canada. At the time of
its construction in 1976, it was the tallest building in the world.
3. Empire State
Building: The iconic skyscraper in Manhattan, New York City.
The 102-story building was the tallest in the world from 1931 to 1970.
4. Golden Gate
Bridge: San Francisco's iconic bridge first opened in 1937 and
was the world's longest suspension bridge for nearly 30 years.
5. Itaipu Dam: Located
on the border of Brazil and Paraguay, the Itaipu Dam is the second largest in
the world for energy generation.
6. Netherlands
North Sea Protection Works: A massive series of dams, levees,
locks, and barriers that protect the low-lying Netherlands from the sea.
7. Panama Canal:
Completed in 1917, the massive engineering project connects the Pacific and
Atlantic oceans. A new and larger canal opened in 2016.
SEVEN NATURAL WONDERS OF THE WORLD
In 1997, CNN announced a listing of the Seven
Natural Wonders of the World...
1. Grand
Canyon
2. The Great
Barrier Reef
3. The
Harbor at Rio de Janeiro
4. Mt. Everest
5. Northern Lights
6. Paricutin
Volcano
7. Victoria
Falls
THE "NEW" SEVEN WONDERS OF THE WORLD
On July 7, 2007 (7-7-07) an organization
announced a "new" set of the Seven Wonders of the World based on
online voting from around the world...
1. Chichen
Itza, Mexico - Mayan City
2. Christ
Redeemer, Brazil - Large Statue
3. The Great Wall,
China
4. Machu
Picchu, Peru
5. Petra,
Jordan - Ancient City
6. The
Roman Colosseum, Italy
7. The Taj Mahal, India
Ultimately, any list of the Seven Wonders of
the World is subjective, based on the individual or group of individuals who
developed the list. No one list is authoritative, even the original Ancient
list. But looking at and learning from these lists and how they change over
time can tell us a lot about our cultural values and accomplishments.